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Definition of Bone and bone types with their characteristics 

The human body has the fabric bra to bone tissue, which forms the bones.
The bones together form the bony skeleton consists of 206 bones, six of which are in the ears, three each.
The bones are distributed as follows: 28 head, trunk 52, upper extremity 64, lower limbs 62.



In some individuals are not always consistent in their location supernumerary bones, called sesamoids, which are among the tendons of the muscles in places of great friction.
The bone is not an inert substance, despite this outward appearance constituted by special hardness minerals.
The bone tissue is dynamic in its operation and is in continuous biochemical activity.
The mineral salts that form it are, as a deposit materials among distinct live cells that perform the functions characteristic of the living unit.
The intimate structure of bone reminiscent of a fine comb out the periphery compact.
Short bones are those that its transverse axis is greater than its longitudinal axis, similar to a table.
The femur (thigh bone); the tibia and fibula (leg bones); the humerus, ulna and radius (upper limb bones) are examples of long bones.
The vertebrae, the bones of the hands and feet are examples of short bones. The skull bones are examples of short bones.
In the long bones can be recognized three main regions: a top end or upper epiphysis, a middle portion or diaphysis, and a lower end or lower epiphysis.
If a longitudinal section of a long bone is made, it is found within the bone corresponding to the epiphysis, the fabric is fluffy and in its interstices, a red substance resembling blood, which is called red marrow. However within the shaft of yellow substance there is such a fat and is called yellow marrow.
We know that blood is composed of cellular elements which are white blood cells, red blood cells and plaquetas.Estos elements, called formed elements are formed in the red marrow of the bones.
Short bones are composed of compact bone in the periphery and in the center cancellous bone.
In similar fashion, the flat bones are composed of two compact tables, one internal and one external, and cancellous bone in the middle part, called diploe.

Definition of spine and characteristics of the various parties. 

The spine is located in the midline and the posterior part of the body. It extends from the base of the head, runs neck, thorax and abdomen in the rear and ends at the pelvis or hip.

Image of the spine and Definition 

The spine has several parts: 

1. The cervical part, which is the neck, and is made up of seven vertebrae.
2. The dorsal area is part of the thorax, and has 12 vertebrae.
3. The lumbar part, corresponding to the abdomen, and has 5 vertebrae.
4. Sacred party is composing a hip and has 5 vertebrae welded together and form a single bone called the sacrum.
5.-coccygeal part, is a vestige of tail is formed by 3 or 4 rudimentary vertebrae.

All vertebrae are like each other, but vary in size and shape. These variations are noticeable from one region to another.
It is important to know that the spine is the support base of the upper skeletal structure. Besides his medulla duct or canal allows passage of the spinal cord.

The spinal cord is the prolongation of the brain and nervous system is the way of departure and arrival of the nerve fibers from the brain to the organs, or organs to the brain.
The weight of the column has to endure is greater than the lower segments, so the body of the vertebrae is greater as occupying a lower place.

The spinal cord is thicker in the upper parts, because it has more fiber. In the lower segment thins because they go out nerve fibers to the organs. Therefore vertebral canals upper vertebrae are broader than those of the lower vertebrae

The vertebrae of the spine definition: 

Short bones are attached to each other forming the backbone. Although differences have the same structures have several vertebrae. Although some are especially different.
The vertebrae have a cylindrical body, the upper and lower faces are slightly concave.
Vertebrae consist of a set of processes they salienras called apophyseal mass.
The apophyseal masses have a special name:


Spinous process 1
Transverse processes 2 and 2a
Articular processes 3, 3a and 3b The union of the vertebral body and apophyseal mass is composed of two bony bridges on the sides, top and back of the vertebral body. They are called vertebral pedicles.
The vertebrae have a medulla which passes through the spinal cord and its coverings. The duct is limited by the vertebral body, and sides by the vertebral laminae that bind to you