What are the bones? with bone types with the characteristic (skeletal system)

Definition of Bone and bone types with their characteristics 

The human body has the fabric bra to bone tissue, which forms the bones.
The bones together form the bony skeleton consists of 206 bones, six of which are in the ears, three each.
The bones are distributed as follows: 28 head, trunk 52, upper extremity 64, lower limbs 62.

In some individuals are not always consistent in their location supernumerary bones, called sesamoids, which are among the tendons of the muscles in places of great friction.
The bone is not an inert substance, despite this outward appearance constituted by special hardness minerals.
The bone tissue is dynamic in its operation and is in continuous biochemical activity.
The mineral salts that form it are, as a deposit materials among distinct live cells that perform the functions characteristic of the living unit.
The intimate structure of bone reminiscent of a fine comb out the periphery compact.
Short bones are those that its transverse axis is greater than its longitudinal axis, similar to a table.
The femur (thigh bone); the tibia and fibula (leg bones); the humerus, ulna and radius (upper limb bones) are examples of long bones.
The vertebrae, the bones of the hands and feet are examples of short bones. The skull bones are examples of short bones.
In the long bones can be recognized three main regions: a top end or upper epiphysis, a middle portion or diaphysis, and a lower end or lower epiphysis.
If a longitudinal section of a long bone is made, it is found within the bone corresponding to the epiphysis, the fabric is fluffy and in its interstices, a red substance resembling blood, which is called red marrow. However within the shaft of yellow substance there is such a fat and is called yellow marrow.
We know that blood is composed of cellular elements which are white blood cells, red blood cells and plaquetas.Estos elements, called formed elements are formed in the red marrow of the bones.
Short bones are composed of compact bone in the periphery and in the center cancellous bone.
In similar fashion, the flat bones are composed of two compact tables, one internal and one external, and cancellous bone in the middle part, called diploe.